- Прочтите и переведите письменно текст на русский язык:
| D. I. MENDELEYEV
D. I. Mendeleyev is a great Russian scientist. He was born in Tobolsk in 1834. After finishing school at the age of 16 he went to St.Petersburg and entered the Pedagogical Institute.
He graduated from the Institute in 1855. In 1866 Mendeleyev was appointed professor at the University where he gave a course of lectures on chemistry. Students always listened to his lectures with great interest and attention.
In his classes Mendeleyev made interesting experiments.
Both he and his student-assistants worked hard to prepare them.
At the University Mendeleyev taught classes in the morning.
In the afternoon he made experiments in his two-room laboratory. In the evening Mendeleyev worked with cards on which he put down information about chemical elements.
He studied the properties of 63 elements known at that time.
Unlike other scientists, he understood that all elements are interrelated. It was D. I. Mendeleyev who showed a definite periodicity in properties and atomic weights of the elements he had studied. He discovered the Periodic Law on March 1, 1869.
The discovery of the Periodic Law of chemical elements is considered to be one of the most important events in chemistry of the 19-th century. The same year he completed the description of more than 60 elements and published his Periodic System which was, is and will be used by scientists all over the world in solving many theoretical and practical problems.
D. I. Mendeleyev was interested in many subjects of applied chemical nature.
He was elected member of many academies abroad. He died in February 1907 at the age of 73.
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Д. И. МЕНДЕЛЕЕВ
Д. И. Менделеев – великий русский ученый. Он родился в Тобольске в 1834 г. По завершении школьного курса в 16 лет он оправляется в Санкт-Петербург и поступает в Педагогический институт. Менделеев заканчивает институт в 1855. В 1866 г. Менделеев получает степень профессора университета, в котором читает лекции по химии. Его лекции всегда вызывали огромный интерес и привлекали внимание студентов. На лабораторных занятиях Менделеев ставил интересные эксперименты. И он, и его ассистенты из числа учеников упорно помогали ему в его работе. В период работы в Университете первую часть дня Менделеев посвящал занятиям. Днем он ставил эксперименты в своей 2-хкомнатной лаборатории. По вечерам Менделеев трудился над карточками, размещая на них полученные данные о химических элементах. Он изучал свойства 63 элементов, известных к тому времени. В отличие от других ученых, он вынашивал идею о взаимосвязи всех элементов. Именно Д. И. Менделеев сформулировал идею периодичности свойств и атомного веса изученных им элементов. 1 марта 1869 г. считается днем открытия им периодического закона (Системы). Открытие периодического закона химических элементов считается одним из важнейших событий в области химии XIX в. В том же году он составил описание более чем 60 элементов и опубликовал свою Периодическую систему, которая применялась, применяется и будет применяться учеными всего мира для решения теоретических и практических задач. В круг интересов Д. И. Менделеева входили многие объекты прикладного характера из области химии. За рубежом он был избран членом множества академий. Умер Д. И. Менделеев в феврале 1907 г. в возрасте 73 лет.
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- Руководствуясь правилами чтения, напишите транскрипцию следующих слов:
| had
late have able can task faint say fair last class bath pause paw small chalk wall quarter me ten per near feet heat ceiling pioneer learn few grey great offer letter make eight chemical |
[hæd]
[leɪt][hæv] [‘eɪbl][kæn][tɑ:sk][feɪnt][seɪ][fɛə][lɑ:st][klɑ:s][bɑ:θ][pɔ:z][pɔ:][smɔ:l][ʧɔ:k][wɔ:l][‘kwɔ:tə][mi:][ten][pɜ:][nɪə][fi:t][hi:t][‘si:lɪŋ][paɪə’nɪə][lɜ:n][fju:][greɪ][greɪt][‘ɔfə][‘letə][meɪk][eɪt][‘kemɪk(ə)l] |
- Выпишите в столбики из данных ниже слов те, в которых окончание –(е)s читается как [s], [z], [iz]:
| [s] | [z] | [iz] |
| desks
lamps flats notes parents lessons works |
tables
chairs doors windows bags sons holidays studies |
matches
pages benches |
- Образуйте множественное число от следующих существительных:
| a child
a wife a woman a city a boy a library a photo a dress a man a name |
children
wives women cities boys libraries photos dresses men names |
- Переведите следующие словосочетания на русский язык:
| his brother’s car
their parents’ cottage my sister’s husband these girls’ hats those boys’ toys a part of the city |
машина его брата
дом их родителей муж моей сестры (мой деверь) шляпки этих девушек игрушки тех мальчиков часть города
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- Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степень от следующих прилагательных и наречий:
much – more – the most
old – older – the oldest
bad – worse — the worst
far – farther — the farthest/ far – further — the furthest
well – better – the best
pretty – prettier — the prettiest
early – earlier — the earliest
high – higher – the highest
beautiful – more beautiful – the most beautiful
warm – warmer – the warmest
big – bigger – the biggest
- Замените выделенные слова личными местоимениями:
- Ann often meets these children. — them
- Pete knows Ann. — her
- Pete has a dog. – it.
- The pupils are in the park. — they
- Ann and I are busy. — we
- Pete is at home. — he
- My mother gets up at six o’clock. — she
- I brought Ann a new book. — it
- Pete seldom sees Ann and her friend. — them
- Переведите на английский язык словосочетания, обращая внимание на предлоги:
| а) вечером
в воскресенье весной в декабре в 2004 году в 10 часов до 5 часов после 6 часов в течение 2 часов около 3 часов через 5 часов к понедельнику б) на стуле под стулом над стулом у стула перед стулом далеко от стула со стула между стульями в школе на собрании на картине дома в Лондон из Лондона в коробку из коробки для них.
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а) in the evening
on Sunday in spring in December in 2004 at 10:00 up to 5:00 after 6:00 for 2 hours about 3 hours in 5 hours by Monday б) on a chair under the chair over a chair by a chair before the chair away from the chair from the chair between the chairs at school at the meeting in the picture at home to London from London into a box out of the box for them. |
- Определите, к какой части речи относятся слова; подчеркните в них суффиксы и префиксы:
chemistry – n.
chemical – adj.
chemist – n. (суффикс выделяется исторически)
analyze – v., no suffixes/prefixes
rewrite – v.
interconnect – v.
greenish – adj.
misunderstand – v.
co-worker – n.
early – adv.
colourful – adj.
physics – n.
indefinite – adj.
definition – n.
worker – n.
- Сделайте предложения отрицательными и вопросительными (общий вопрос):
1) She is a teacher. – She isn’t a teacher. – Is she a teacher?
2) There are many parks in our city. — There aren’t many parks in our city. – Are there many parks in our city?
3) There will be a monument in the centre of the park. — There won’t be a monument in the centre of the park. – Will there be a monument in the centre of the park?
4) I have many relatives. — I don’t have many relatives. – Have I many relatives?
5) She had some money. — She didn’t have any money. – Had she any money?
6) We shall have an English lesson next Monday. — We shan’t have an English lesson next Monday. – Shall we have an English lesson next Monday?
- Определите время сказуемого в следующих предложениях; переведите их:
| АЯ | Tense form | РЯ |
| 1. About 9 million people live in London and its suburbs.
2. He visited Moscow last month. 3. We shall graduate from the Institute soon. 4. He is reading now.
5. When I saw her she was cooking.
6. They have already come home. 7. I said I had seen this film.
8. Workers will have built this bridge by next year.
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the Present Tense
the Past Tense the Future Tense the Present Tense the Past Tense у обоих сказуемых the Past Tense the Past Tense the Future Tense
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1. Около 9 млн. человек живут в Лондоне и его предместьях.
2. Он приезжал в Москву в прошлом месяце. 3. Скоро мы закончим университет. 4. Сейчас он читает.
5. Когда я ее увидел, она готовила.
6. Они уже вернулись домой. 7. Я сказал, что уже видел этот фильм. 8. Рабочие закончат этот мост к следующему году. |
- Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол-сказуемое в нужном времени:
1) I get up at 8 o’clock every day.
2) He went to Moscow last month.
3) They will leave school next year.
4) He has already read this book.
5) She will do it by last week.
6) Mary and John will get a new flat by next Wednesday.
7) Students are working in the garden now.
8) He had been sleeping from 6 till 8 yesterday.
- Поставьте вопросы к выделенным членам предложения:
1) He went to the Institute yesterday. – Who went to the Institute yesterday?
2) Ann studies at school. – Where does Ann study?
3) They get up at 8 o’clock. – What time do they get up?
4) I shall finish school in two years. – When shall I finish school?
5) Children are playing now. – What are the children doing now?
6) She was reading the whole day yesterday. – How long was she reading yesterday?
7) We have already got his letter. – What have we got already?
- Напишите три формы следующих неправильных глаголов:
to leave – left — left
to build – built — built
to tell – told — told
to stand – stood — stood
to say – said — said
to sleep – slept — slept
to find – find — find
to begin – began — begun
to get – got — got
to give – gave — given
to spend – spent — spent
to teach – taught — taught
to think – thought — thought
to know – knew — known
to bring – brought -brought
to write – wrote — written
to read – read — read
to go – went — gone
to come – came — come
to see – saw — seen
to do – did — done
to have – had — had
to be – was/were — been
to keep – kept — kept
to grow – grew — grown
- Определите тип предложений; переведите:
1) It is cold. – (Сейчас) холодно. — безличное
2) It is 12 o’clock. — (Сейчас) 12 (часов). — безличное
3) They go to the Institute every day. – Они ходят в институт ежедневно. – личное.
4) She walks to her plant. – Она идет на свою фабрику. – личное
5) It is often snows in winter. – Зимой часто идет снег. – неопределенно-личное
6) One must study well. – Учиться нужно хорошо. – неопределенно-личное.
7) They say she is a good doctor. – Говорят, она хороший врач. – неопределенно-личное
8) It is difficult to translate this text. – Этот текст трудно перевести. – безличное.
- Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы к тексту:
1) When was D. I. Mendeleyev born? — D. I. Mendeleyev was born in 1834.
2) Where was he born? – In Tobolsk.
3) When did he finish school? — He finished school at the age of 16.
4) At what age did he enter the Institute? — After finishing school he entered the Pedagogical Institute.
5) When did he graduate from the Institute? — He graduated from the Institute in 1855.
6) Was Mendeleyev appointed professor at the University in 1834? – No. 1834 is the year Mendeleev was born.
7) What lectures did Mendeleyev give? – He gave lectures on chemistry.
8) What did Mendeleyev do in his classes? — In his classes Mendeleyev made interesting experiments concerning chemical elements and their periodicity.
9) What is one of the most important events of chemistry of the 19-th century? — The discovery of the Periodic Law of chemical elements is considered to be one of the most important events in chemistry of the 19-th century.
10) When did Mendeleyev publish his Periodic Table? – In 1869.
11) What was Mendeleyev interested in? — D. I. Mendeleyev was interested in many subjects of applied chemical nature.
12) When did he die? — D. I. Mendeleyev died in February 1907.